기술사연구

2005년 2학기 담당교수: 홍성욱
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수업 목적

이 수업은 중세에서 20세기에 이르는 서양 근대 기술사를 검토함으로써 현대 사회에서 과학 못지않게 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있는 기술의 발전 과정과 그에 영향을 미치는 다양한 기술 내적, 외적 요소를 살펴봄은 물론, 기술과 문화, 기술과 산업, 경영, 기술과 사회, 기술과 인간 사이의 다양한 상호 작용을 폭넓게 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

토론 주제

인쇄술 혁명

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Michael Clapham, "Printing," in Singer et al. eds., History of Technology, Vol. 3 (Oxford, 1957), pp. 377-411.
Joseph Needham, "Paper and Printing," in Science and Civilization in China, Vol. 5, pt. 1 (Cambridge), pp. 1-10, 360-383.
Elizabeth L. Eisenstein, The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge University Press, 1983), pp. 41-90, 109-252.
"Gutenberg and His Impact," in http://www.gutenbergdigital.de/gudi/eframes/texte/inhalt.htm (Gutenberg Digital)
James Dewar, "The Information Age and the Printing Press: Looking Backward to See Ahead, http://www.rand.org/publications/P/P8014/ or http://www.rand.org/publications/P/P8014/P8014.pdf

네트워크: 수송기술과 공학

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Andre Guillerme, "Network: Birth of a Category in Engineering Thought During the French Restoration," History and Technology 8 (1992): 151-166.
Rosalind Williams, "Cultural Origins and Environmental Implications of Large Technological Systems," Science in Context 6 (1993): 377-403.
Cecil O. Smith, "The Longest Run: Public Engineers and Planning in French," American Historical Review 95 (1990): 657-692.
Thomas Hughes, "Introduction," in Selections from Lives of the Engineers by S. Smiles (MIT, 1966), pp. 1-29.
Elting E. Morison, From Know-How to Nowhere: The Development of American Technology (New York: Basic Books, 1974), ch. 2, pp. 16-39.
Todd Shallat, "Building Waterways, 1802-1861: Science and the United States Army in Early Public Works," Technology and Culture 31 (1990): 18-50.

통신기술

전신
Armand Mattelart, "Networks of Universalization," in Networking the World, 1794-2000 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2000), ch. 1, pp. 1-21.
Sungook Hong, Wireless: From Marconi's Black-Box to the Audion (Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2001), ch. 1-4.
Susan J. Douglas, Inventing American Broadcasting, 1899-1922 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987), pp. 187-215.
Leonard S. Reich, "Research, Patents, and the Struggle to Control Radio: A Study of Big Business and the Uses of Industrial Research," Business History Review 51 (1977): 208-235.
Venus Green, "Goodbye Central: Automation and the Decline of Personal Service in the Bell System, 1878-1921," Technology and Culture 36 (1995): 912-949.
David E. Nye, "Shaping Communication Networks: Telegraph, Telephone, Computer," Social Research 64 (1997): 1067-1089.

시스템과 표준

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Thomas P. Hughes, Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880-1930 (Johns Hopkins U. Press, 1983), ch. 1-6.
I. Goekalp, "On the Analysis of Large Technical Systems," ST&HV 17 (1992): 57-78.
C. Hamlin, "Edwin Chadwick and the Engineers, 1842-1854: Systems and Antisystems in the Pipe-and-Brick Sewer War," T&C 33 (1992): 680-709.
Ken Alder, "Innovation and Amnesia: Engineering Rationality and the Fate of Interchangeable Parts Manufacturing in France," T&C 38 (1997): 273-311.
Carl Shapiro and Hal Varian, "Historical Examples of Positive Feedback," Information Rules (Harvard Business School Press, 1999), pp. 206-223.

통제기술, 인터넷, 복잡한 기술 시스템

James R. Beniger, The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1986), introd. (pp. 1-27).
홍성욱, “인터넷은 열린 세상을 만들어낼 것인가?” 2001 싸이버스페이스 오디쎄이 (창작과 비평사, 2001).
홍성욱, 파놉티콘: 정보사회, 정보감옥 (책세상, 2002).
Stephen B. Johnson, "Three Approaches to Big Technology: Operations Research, Systems Engineering, and Project Management," T&C 38 (1997): 891-919.
Thomas Hughes, Rescuing Prometheus (Pantheon, 1998), pp. 197-끝.

산업혁명: 18세기의 배경과 Historiography

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Harold Perkin, "The Social Causes of the Industrial Revolution," in his The Structured Crowd: Essays in English Social History (Sussex: Harvester Press, 1981), pp. 28-46.
Larry Stewart, "A Meaning for Machines: Modernity, Utility, and the Eighteenth-Century British Public," Journal of Modern History 70 (1998): 259-294.
Simon Schaffer, "Enlightened Automata," in William Clark, Jan Golinski, and Simon Schaffer eds., The Sciences in Enlightened Europe (Chicago, 1999), pp. 126-165.
John U. Nef, "An Early Energy Crisis and Its Consequences," Scientific American 237 (Nov. 1977): 140-151.
A. Rupert Hall, "What Did the Industrial Revolution in Britain Owe to Science?" in Neil McKendrick ed., Historical Perspectives: Studies in English Thought and Society (London: Europa Pb., 1974), pp. 129-151.
David Cannadine, "The Present and the Past in the English Industrial Revolution, 1880-1980," Past and Present 103 (1984): 131-72.

산업혁명: 기술, 노동, 공장 시스템

M. Kranzberg and C.W. Prusell, Jr., ed., Technology in Western Civilization 2 vols. (New York: Oxford University Pr., 1967), Vol. I, pp. 217-274 (on various technologies including the steam engines, textile machinery, machine tools).
Tine Bruland, "Industrial Conflicts as a Source of Technical Innovation: Three Cases," Economy and Society 11 1982: 91-121.
Edward P. Thompson, "Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism," Past and Present 38 1976: 56-97.
Anthony F.C. Wallace, Rockdale: The Growth of an American Village in the Early Industrial Revolution (New York: Knopf, 1978), Ch. 4, pp. 124-185.
Adrian J. Randall, "The Philosophy of Luddism: The Case of the West of England Woolen Workers, ca. 1790-1809," T&C 27 1986: 1-17.
Anson Rabinbach, "The European Science of Work: The Economy of the Body at the End of the Nineteenth Century," in Steven L. Kaplan and Cynthia J. Koepp eds., Work in France: Representations, Meaning, Organization, and Practice (Cornell University Press, 1986), pp. 475-513.

기술 제국주의와 기술 이전

Michael Adas, Machines as the Measure of Men: Science, Technology, and Ideologies of Western Dominance (Cornell University Press, 1989), pp. 199-270.
Nathan Rosenberg, "The International Transfer of Technology: Implications for the Industrialized Countries," in Inside the Black Box (Cambridge, 1982), pp. 245-279.
Timo Myllyntaus, "The Transfer of Electrical Technology to Finland, 1870-1930," T&C 32 1991: 293-317.
Ian Inkster, "Technology Transfer and Industrial Transformation: An Interpretation of the Pattern of Economic Development Circa 1870-1914," in Fox ed., Technological Change, pp. 177-200.
Graeme J. N. Gooday and Morris F. Low, “Technology Transfer and Cultural Exchange: Western Scientists and Engineers Encounter Late Tokugawa and Meiji Japan,” in Beyond Joseph Needham (Osiris 13; Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1998), pp. 99-128.
Shannon R. Brown, "The Ewo filature: A Study in the Transfer of Technology to China in the 19th Century," T&C 20 1979: 550-568.
Daniel Headrick, "The Tools of Imperialism: Technology and the Expansion of European Colonial Empires in the 19th Century," Journal of Modern History 1979 51: 231-263.

미국의 산업 발전

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Robert S. Woodbury, "The Legend of Eli Whitney and Interchangeable Parts," T&C 1 (1960), 235-253.
Merritt Roe Smith, Harpers Ferry Armory and the New Technology (Cornell University Press, 1977), pp. 184-251.
Hugo A. Meier, "Technology and Democracy, 1800-1860," Mississippi Valley Historical Review 43 1957:, 618-640.
Charles Sanford, "The Intellectual Origins and New-Worldliness of American Industry," The Journal of Economic History 18 1958: 1-16.
Alfred D. Chandler Jr., The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in America Business (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977), pp. 81-121.
David F. Noble, America By Design: Science, Technology, and the Rise of Corporate Capitalism (New York, 1977), Pt. 1. (pp. 1-65).

테일러주의의 과학적 경영과 그 확산

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Frederick Winslow Taylor, The Principles of Scientific Management (New York: Harper, 1911).
Paul S. Adler, "Marx, Machines, and Skill," T&C 31 1990: 780-812.
Donald C. Jackson, "Engineering in the Progressive Era: A New Look at Frederick Haynes Newell and the U.S. Reclamation Service," T&C 34 1993: 539-574.
Donald R. Stabile, "The Du Pont Experiments in Scientific Management and Safety," Business History Review 61 1987: 365-86.
Charles S. Maier, "Between Taylorism and Technocracy: European Ideologies and the Vision of Industrial Productivity in the 1920s," Contemporary History 5 1970: 27-61.
Thomas Hughes, "Taylorismus + Fordismus = Amerikanismus" in American Genesis (Penguin, 1989), pp. 249-294 (on the Soviet's adoption of Taylorism and Fordism).
William M. Tsutsui, Manufacturing Ideology: Scientific Management in Twentieth-Century Japan (Princeton, 1998), 처음부터 57쪽까지.

대량생산과 포드주의

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Henry Ford, "Mass Production" Encyclopaedia Britannica 13th ed (1926).
Stephen Meyer III, The Five Dollar Day: Labor Management and Social Control in the Ford Motor Company, 1908-1921 (Albany: SUNY Press, 1981), 처음 - 121쪽.
David Hounshell, From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1984), pp. 217-330.

유연한 생산과 포스트포드주의

Charles F. Sabel and Jonathan Zeitlin, "Historical Alternatives to Mass Production: Politics, Markets, and Technology in the 19th-century Industrialization," Past and Present 108 1985: 133-76.
Michael Nuwer, "From Batch to Flow: Production Technology and Work-Force Skills in the Steel Industry," T&C 29 1988: 808-838.
Philip Scranton, "Diversity in Diversity: Flexible Production and American Industrialization, 1880-1930," Business History Review 65 (1991), 27-90.
Philip Scranton, "Manufacturing Diversity: Production Systems, Markets, and an American Consumer Society, 1870-1930," T&C 35 1994: 476-505.
Regina Lee Blaszczyk, "Reign of the Robots: The Homer Laughlin China Company and Flexible Mass Production," T&C 36 1995: 863-911.
Jonathan Zeitlin, "Flexibility and mass production at war: Aircraft manufacture in Britain, the United States, and Germany, 1939-1945," T&C 1995 36: 46-79.
James Womack et al., The Machine That Changed the World (New York, 1990), pp. 17-69.